{"action":"create","ckan_id":null,"date_created":"Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:13:43 GMT","date_finished":null,"harvest_job_id":"c2624cae-081b-4574-9d84-83f8b268dfb7","harvest_source_id":"27ac28cc-8375-46c0-8f94-99b90952157e","id":"1ca3d5b0-542c-4ede-b7bc-ee82baffb5e5","identifier":"https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/coris/fgdc/iso/xml/nodc_0001419_ISO.xml","parent_identifier":null,"source_hash":"346a6f1855f647cc0937e643c185d9e8adae0e4c5d0d819b5f86b6c1741ebe33","source_raw":"\r\n \r\n nodc_0001419\r\n \r\n \r\n eng; USA\r\n \r\n \r\n utf8\r\n \r\n \r\n dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC\r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n (808)-956-4105\r\n \r\n \r\n (808) 956-2352\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316\r\n \r\n \r\n Dept. of Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Hawaii at Manoa\r\n \r\n \r\n Honolulu\r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaii\r\n \r\n \r\n 96822\r\n \r\n \r\n USA\r\n \r\n \r\n caldwell@hawaii.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays\r\n \r\n \r\n check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2020-03-29\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2:2009(E)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Assessment of Nonindigenous Species on Coral Reefs in the Hawaiian Islands, with Emphasis on Introduced Invertebrates (NODC Accession 0001419)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Steven L. Coles\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n L.G. Eldredge\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n F. Kandel\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaii Biological Survey\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bishop Museum\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n P.R. Reath\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n K. Longenecker\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Coral reefs on the islands of Kaua'i, Moloka'i, Maui, Hawai'i and O'ahu were surveyed for the presence and impact of marine nonindigenous and cryptogenic species (NIS) using a rapid assessment method that standardized search effort for approximately 312 m2 at each site. A total of 41 sites were surveyed by three investigators for a total of approximately 120 hours search time on the five islands. Algae, invertebrate, and fish taxa were identified on site or returned to laboratory for identity confirmation. Only 26 NIS, comprised of three species of algae, 19 invertebrates, and four fishes were recorded from a total of 486 total taxa on the entire study, and 17 of the NIS occurred at only one or two sites. The most NIS that occurred at any site was six, and 21 of the sites had less than three. If the three species of fish that were introduced in the 1950s and known to occur throughout Hawai'i are excluded, over half the sites had less than two NIS.\r\n \r\n \r\n The purpose of the present study was to determine the presence and impact of nonindigenous (introduced) marine species on Hawai'i's coral reefs.\r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaii Biological SurveyBishop MuseumHawaii Coral Reef Initiative\r\n \r\n \r\n completed\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Dr. Steve Coles, Ralph C. Felice, and Dr. Lu Eldredge\r\n \r\n \r\n Bernice P. Bishop Museum Department of Natural Sciences\r\n \r\n \r\n Scientist\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 808-847-3511\r\n \r\n \r\n 808-841-8968\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1525 Bernice Street\r\n \r\n \r\n Honolulu\r\n \r\n \r\n HI\r\n \r\n \r\n 96817\r\n \r\n \r\n U.S.A.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Standard office hours (9-5PB local time)\r\n \r\n \r\n Phone/mail to Bishop Museum\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n notPlanned\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS_Metadata\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Geoportal Filter\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Marine species\r\n \r\n \r\n Count of species\r\n \r\n \r\n Occurence of non-indigenous species\r\n \r\n \r\n coral\r\n \r\n \r\n coral reef ecosystem\r\n \r\n \r\n coastal\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n None\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Numeric Data Sets > Biology\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS Discovery Thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Ecological Dynamics > Dominance > Invasive Species\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Coastal Processes > Coral Reefs > Coral Reef Ecology > Coral Cover\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Reef Fish Census > Belt Transect\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Marine Biology > Marine Invertebrates > Census\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Rapid Assessment Studies\r\n \r\n \r\n EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Vegetation > Algae\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS Theme Thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Hawaii Island > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Hawaii Island (19N155W0003)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Maui Island > Maui Island (20N156W0004)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Maui > Maui Island (20N156W0004)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Molokai Island > Molokai Island (21N157W0001)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Molokai Island (21N157W0001)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Oahu Island > Oahu (21N157W0003)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu > Oahu (21N157W0003)\r\n \r\n \r\n OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Kauai Island > Kauai Island (22N159W0001)\r\n \r\n \r\n COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Hawaii > Kauai Island (22N159W0001)\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS Place Thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n MHI\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n CoRIS Region\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n North Pacific\r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaiian Islands\r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaii\r\n \r\n \r\n Maui\r\n \r\n \r\n Molokai\r\n \r\n \r\n Oahu\r\n \r\n \r\n Kauai\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n None\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n benthic\r\n \r\n \r\n stratum\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n None\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NODC cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Use Constraints: NOAA and NODC would appreciate recognition as the resource from which these data were obtained in any publications and/or other representations of these data.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Access Constraints: None\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n eng; USA\r\n \r\n \r\n biota\r\n \r\n \r\n oceans\r\n \r\n \r\n Native Dataset Environment: MS Access relational databasePDF document\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n -159.6532\r\n \r\n \r\n -155.8359\r\n \r\n \r\n 19.5080\r\n \r\n \r\n 21.96008\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2002-11-02\r\n 2003-11-05\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Supplemental: :Entry_ID: Unknown: Sensor_Name: SCUBA, visual census; Sensor_Name: transect line; Project_Campaign: Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative; Originating_Center: Bishop Museum; Storage_Medium: MS Access; Online_size: 5941 Kbytes Resource Description: NODC Accession Number 0001419\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Entity and Attribute Overview: Two original files provided:filename commentHCRI_Final_Report.pdf complete reportRelational_Database.mdb MS AccessThe tables in the relational database were extracted and saved as MS Excel (97-2000)and comma-separated version (CSV). Table names:OccurencesSpecies ListStation\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Entity and Attribute Detail Citation: none\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n MS Access\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Data Access Group, User Services Team\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA/NESDIS/National Oceanographic Data Center\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 301-713-3277\r\n \r\n \r\n 301-713-3302\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n SSMC-3 Fourth Floor\r\n \r\n \r\n 1315 East West Highway\r\n \r\n \r\n Silver Spring\r\n \r\n \r\n MD\r\n \r\n \r\n 20910-3282\r\n \r\n \r\n USA\r\n \r\n \r\n services@nodc.noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 8am-5pm, Monday through Friday\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n distributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Prices vary depending on data set, output medium and ordering mechanism. A standard handling charge, with additional costs for special handling, may be added to the basic cost of the data.\r\n \r\n \r\n Ordering Instructions: Prepayment by check, money order or bank card is required. Orders may be placed via fax, email, regular mail, telephone or via the NNDC Online Store.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/1419\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n none\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n see Lineage - Process Step\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n The methods used in biological sampling programs vary with the research questions being asked and require decisions pertaining to levels of effort directed toward two primary objectives. The first is to determine as completely as possible the total community species composition occurringat the sampling site. The second is to quantify the abundance or relative abundance of the various community components in an attempt to determine the numeric distribution of numbers of individuals or areal coverage of the various component species. These two objectives are somewhat opposing, especially where time is limited when sampling underwater. Most studies on coral reefs have focused on algal, coral, or fish assemblages and have utilized some variation of linear or belt transects, or, in the case of coral and algae, measurements with quadrats, either sampled once or repeatedly on permanently marked sections of reef surface. The power and efficacy of sampling coral coverage in Hawai'i have been reviewed by Brown et al. (in press). These approaches provide various levels of quantification and resolution that may enable time series analysis, but the area sampled must necessarily be small, and such studies sometimes also include \"swim-arounds\" on larger reef areas to detect species that are not encountered on the fixed transects or quadrats. The purpose of the present study was to determine the presence and impact of nonindigenous (introduced) marine species on Hawai'i's coral reefs. Anticipating that these species were likely to be low in abundance, our approach was focused on examining large areas and on as many habitats as could be done within the time frame of scuba dives in water of intermediate depths of 10-20 m up to three times per day. In order to facilitate a comparable search effort among islands and sites within islands, we developed a standardized method that could be replicated on every survey. This approach utilized a variation on the belt transect and timed search methods that was modified to provide both a standardized search area, estimates of probability of encounter and a sufficiently large search area to assure that most species occurring at the site had been encountered and noted. Where feasible the locations of surveyed sites were at or near sites established by the Hawai'i Coral Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (CRAMP) in order to provide further information on areas that will be periodically resurveyed for coral and fish abundance (Brown et al. in press). Field Techniques After recording the position by GPS of the reef to be surveyed, a 50-m transect line was used to delineate a triangular area within which observations were made during the first 30 minutes of the survey. The starting point for the transect line was established haphazardly and the line was laid along the reef parallel to the shore for 25 m, then turned at a right angle for the remaining 25 m,with the resulting triangular area established by the line thus approximating 312 m2. Two observers (SLC and FK) swam in tandem along the line, noting and recording the first occurrence of all invertebrates, fishes and identifiable macroalgae occurring along a swath up to 2 m on either side of the transect within time periods of 5, 10, and 15 minutes from the start time of the transect. The next 15 minutes were spent recording organisms that occurred in the 312 m2 triangular area delineated by the legs of the transect line. Finally, 15 minutes were spent makingobservations outside of the triangle and recording all taxa not previously observed. In addition to the observations made by these two observers, on Kaua'i, Moloka'i, Maui, and Hawai'i a third diver (PAR) searched crevices and microhabitats throughout the triangular area, identifying small and cryptic organisms not observed by the first two divers on their roving searches. All organisms identifiable in the field were recorded on underwater paper, and samples of organisms were retained for identification in the laboratory where necessary. Identified organisms were entered on spreadsheets coded 1 to 3 according to the 5 minute period in which they were first encountered in the first 15 minutes, or 4 if they were first encounteredlater inside or outside of the triangle. In the event that the organism was recorded at different times by the different observers, the first encounter was assigned priority. Status of the species as nonindigenous, cryptogenic or native was assigned according to their designation in Carlton and Eldredge (in prep.) and the Checklist of the Marine Invertebrates of the Hawaiian Islands (http://www2.bishopmuseum.org/HBS/invert/list_home.htm). (Species of uncertain identity but suspected to be introduced were collected and returned to the laboratory for identification and/or verification by taxonomic experts.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Dr. Steve Coles, Ralph C. Felice, and Dr. Lu Eldredge\r\n \r\n \r\n Bernice P. Bishop Museum Department of Natural Sciences\r\n \r\n \r\n Scientist\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 808-847-3511\r\n \r\n \r\n 808-841-8968\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1525 Bernice Street\r\n \r\n \r\n Honolulu\r\n \r\n \r\n HI\r\n \r\n \r\n 96817\r\n \r\n \r\n U.S.A.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Standard office hours (9-5PB local time)\r\n \r\n \r\n Phone/mail to Bishop Museum\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n processor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Source Contribution: coral reef study Source Type: paper\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Assessment of Nonindigenous Species on Coral Reefs in the Hawaiian Islands, with Emphasis on Introduced Invertebrates\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2004-01-01\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n S. L. Coles\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n L. G. Eldredge\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n F. Kandel\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n P. R. Reath\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n K. Longenecker\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n documentDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bishop Museum, Hawai'i Biological Survey. Bishop Museum Technical Report\r\n \r\n \r\n No 27\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Final report prepared for the Hawai'i Coral Reef Initiative\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2004-01-01\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n annually\r\n \r\n \r\n 2006-08-01\r\n \r\n \r\n This metadata was automatically generated from the FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata standard (version FGDC-STD-001-1998) using the 2016-01-11 version of the FGDC RSE to ISO 19115-2 transform.\r\n \r\n \r\n Translated from FGDC 2025-03-24T17:44:38.354Z\r\n \r\n \r\n Last Metadata Review Date: 2011-02-18\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Mr. Patrick C. Caldwell\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA/NESDIS/NODC/NCDDC\r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaii/US Pacific Liaison\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n (808)-956-4105\r\n \r\n \r\n (808) 956-2352\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1000 Pope Road, MSB 316\r\n \r\n \r\n Dept. of Oceanography\r\n \r\n \r\n University of Hawaii at Manoa\r\n \r\n \r\n Honolulu\r\n \r\n \r\n Hawaii\r\n \r\n \r\n 96822\r\n \r\n \r\n USA\r\n \r\n \r\n caldwell@hawaii.edu\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 8 AM to 5 PM weekdays\r\n \r\n \r\n check services@nodc.noaa.gov if not available\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n","source_transform":null,"status":"error"}