{"action":"create","ckan_id":null,"date_created":"Sun, 11 Jan 2026 04:57:40 GMT","date_finished":null,"harvest_job_id":"f4803198-67c4-432d-a625-da783e8df8fb","harvest_source_id":"c9b25d3a-f997-484c-92d5-c9348dca1f2f","id":"abaa65c0-73a2-46cc-92e4-cd5628ddb846","identifier":"https://data.noaa.gov/waf/NOAA/NESDIS/ncei/paleo/iso/xml/noaa-historical-5413.xml","parent_identifier":null,"source_hash":"41224733a7018cd19127f0f368f99e62329dbab66044229807bd5328757b4de2","source_raw":"\r\n \r\n noaa-historical-5413\r\n \r\n \r\n eng; USA\r\n \r\n \r\n utf8\r\n \r\n \r\n dataset\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology\r\n \r\n \r\n Data Center Contact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 828-271-4800\r\n \r\n \r\n 303-497-6513\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 325 Broadway, E/NE31\r\n \r\n \r\n Boulder\r\n \r\n \r\n CO\r\n \r\n \r\n 80305-3328\r\n \r\n \r\n USA\r\n \r\n \r\n paleo@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2024-12-16\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data\r\n \r\n \r\n ISO 19115-2:2009(E)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Garcia et al. 2001 Manila Galleons Voyage Records\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2001-07-01\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n doi:10.25921/vsan-e066\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n noaa-historical-5413\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI DSI 1200_02\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI DSI 1200_01\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Garcia, R.R\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Garcia, R.R\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Diaz, H.F.\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Diaz, H.F.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Garc\u00eda Herrera, R.\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Garc\u00eda Herrera, R.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Eischeid, J.\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Eischeid, J.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Prieto, M.R.\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Prieto, M.R.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hern\u00e1ndez, E.\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Hern\u00e1ndez, E.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Gimeno, L.\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Gimeno, L.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Dur\u00e1n, F.R.\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Dur\u00e1n, F.R.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bascary, A.M.\r\n \r\n \r\n originator\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bascary, A.M.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n tableDigital\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Historical. The data include parameters of historical with a geographic location of Philippines, Western Pacific Ocean. The time period coverage is from 359 to 200 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.\r\n \r\n \r\n Records of past climate and environment from historical references and documentary evidence such as church records, harvest dates, and diaries. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations.\r\n \r\n \r\n completed\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology\r\n \r\n \r\n Data Center Contact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 828-271-4800\r\n \r\n \r\n 303-497-6513\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 325 Broadway, E/NE31\r\n \r\n \r\n Boulder\r\n \r\n \r\n CO\r\n \r\n \r\n 80305-3328\r\n \r\n \r\n USA\r\n \r\n \r\n paleo@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n pointOfContact\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-historical.png\r\n \r\n \r\n Paleoclimatology - Historical\r\n \r\n \r\n PNG\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Paleoclimate Reconstructions\r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Paleoclimate Reconstructions\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n earth science > paleoclimate > historical\r\n \r\n \r\n earth science > paleoclimate > historical\r\n \r\n \r\n earth science > paleoclimate > historical\r\n \r\n \r\n earth science > paleoclimate > historical > ship logs\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n What: societal event; Material: null\r\n \r\n \r\n What: age; Material: null\r\n \r\n \r\n What: societal event; Material: null\r\n \r\n \r\n theme\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n PaST Thesaurus\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Ocean > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Philippines > Manila > LATITUDE 14.583 > LONGITUDE 120.95\r\n \r\n \r\n Continent > North America > Mexico > Acapulco > LATITUDE 16.85 > LONGITUDE -99.916\r\n \r\n \r\n place\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce\r\n \r\n \r\n dataCentre\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2025\r\n \r\n \r\n revision\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 22\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords\r\n \r\n \r\n GCMD Keyword Forum Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n custodian\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Cite as: Garcia, R.R; Diaz, H.F.; Garc\u00eda Herrera, R.; Eischeid, J.; Prieto, M.R.; Hern\u00e1ndez, E.; Gimeno, L.; Dur\u00e1n, F.R.; Bascary, A.M. (2001-07-01): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Garcia et al. 2001 Manila Galleons Voyage Records. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/vsan-e066. Accessed [date].\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n None\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n otherRestrictions\r\n \r\n \r\n Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Atmospheric Circulation Changes in the Tropical Pacific Inferred from the Voyages of the Manila Galleons in the Sixteenth - Eighteenth Centuries\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 2001\r\n \r\n \r\n publication\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Garcia, R.R; Diaz, H.F.; Garc\u00eda Herrera, R.; Eischeid, J.; del Rosario Prieto, M.; Hern\u00e1ndez, E.; Gimeno, L.;Dur\u00e1n, F.R.; Bascary, A.M.\r\n \r\n \r\n author\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society\r\n \r\n \r\n publisher\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<2435:ACCITT>2.3.CO;2\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web Browser\r\n \r\n \r\n Associated Reference published 2001\r\n \r\n \r\n Garcia, R.R; Diaz, H.F.; Garc\u00eda Herrera, R.; Eischeid, J.; del Rosario Prieto, M.; Hern\u00e1ndez, E.; Gimeno, L.;Dur\u00e1n, F.R.; Bascary, A.M., 2001: Atmospheric Circulation Changes in the Tropical Pacific Inferred from the Voyages of the Manila Galleons in the Sixteenth - Eighteenth Centuries. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 82, 2435\u20132456, 10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<2435:ACCITT>2.3.CO;2\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n crossReference\r\n \r\n \r\n sciencePaper\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n eng; USA\r\n \r\n \r\n geoscientificInformation\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Date Range: 1591 CE to 1750 CE; Date Range: 359 cal yr BP to 200 cal yr BP;\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n -99.916\r\n \r\n \r\n 120.95\r\n \r\n \r\n 14.583\r\n \r\n \r\n 16.85\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n 1591\r\n 1750\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: Historical accounts of the voyages of the Manila galleons derived from the Archivo General de Indias (General Archive of the Indies, Seville, Spain) are used to infer past changes in the atmospheric circulation of the tropical Pacific Ocean. It is shown that the length of the voyage between Acapulco, Mexico, and the Philippine Islands during the period 1590-1750 exhibits large secular trends, such that voyages in the middle of the seventeenth century are some 40% longer than those at the beginning or at the end of the century, and that these trends are unlikely to have been caused by societal or technological factors. Analysis of a series of \"virtual voyages,\" constructed from modern wind data, indicates that sailing time to the Philippines depended critically on the strength of the trade winds and the position of the western Pacific monsoon trough. These results suggest that the atmospheric circulation of the western Pacific underwent large, multidecadal fluctuations during the seventeenth century.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n ncei.info@noaa.gov\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Contact Information\r\n \r\n \r\n Information for contacts at NCEI.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n distributor\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.\r\n \r\n \r\n Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n Native Format(s)\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://doi.org/10.25921/vsan-e066\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Landing Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Metadata Landing Page\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/5413\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Web Browser\r\n \r\n \r\n NOAA Study Page\r\n \r\n \r\n Study page with data access information.\r\n \r\n \r\n search\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/fire-history\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Information\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Historical Page\r\n \r\n \r\n General information for this data type.\r\n \r\n \r\n information\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/pacific/readme_garcia2001.txt\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Download\r\n \r\n \r\n /historical/pacific/readme_garcia2001.txt\r\n \r\n \r\n Readme\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/pacific/duration.txt\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Download\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Direct Download\r\n \r\n \r\n Direct download links for dataset files.\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/pacific/acapulco-manila.pdf\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Download\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Direct Download\r\n \r\n \r\n Direct download links for dataset files.\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/pacific/acapulco-manila.doc\r\n \r\n \r\n HTTPS\r\n \r\n \r\n Download\r\n \r\n \r\n NCEI Direct Download\r\n \r\n \r\n Direct download links for dataset files.\r\n \r\n \r\n download\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n asNeeded\r\n \r\n \r\n This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21\r\n \r\n \r\n \r\n","source_transform":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"non-public","contactPoint":{"fn":"Not provided - Contact data.gov","hasEmail":"mailto:datagovsupport@gsa.gov"},"describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Historical. The data include parameters of historical with a geographic location of Philippines, Western Pacific Ocean. The time period coverage is from 359 to 200 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data.","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.25921/vsan-e066","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"Metadata Landing Page"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Study page with data access information.","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/5413","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"NOAA Study Page"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"General information for this data type.","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/fire-history","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"NCEI Historical Page"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Readme","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/pacific/readme_garcia2001.txt","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"/historical/pacific/readme_garcia2001.txt"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Direct download links for dataset files.","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/pacific/duration.txt","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"NCEI Direct Download"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Direct download links for dataset files.","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/pacific/acapulco-manila.pdf","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"NCEI Direct Download"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Direct download links for dataset files.","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/historical/pacific/acapulco-manila.doc","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"NCEI Direct Download"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Garcia, R.R; Diaz, H.F.; Garc\u00eda Herrera, R.; Eischeid, J.; del Rosario Prieto, M.; Hern\u00e1ndez, E.; Gimeno, L.;Dur\u00e1n, F.R.; Bascary, A.M., 2001: Atmospheric Circulation Changes in the Tropical Pacific Inferred from the Voyages of the Manila Galleons in the Sixteenth - Eighteenth Centuries. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 82, 2435\u20132456, 10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<2435:ACCITT>2.3.CO;2","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<2435:ACCITT>2.3.CO;2","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"Associated Reference published 2001"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 22. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords","downloadURL":"https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"GCMD Keyword Forum Page"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"PaST Thesaurus"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","describedByType":"application/octet-steam","description":"Information for contacts at NCEI.","downloadURL":"https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact","mediaType":"placeholder/value","title":"NCEI Contact Information"}],"identifier":"noaa-historical-5413","issued":"2001-07-01T00:00:00.000+00:00","keyword":["Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Paleoclimate Reconstructions","Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Paleoclimate Reconstructions","earth science > paleoclimate > historical","earth science > paleoclimate > historical","earth science > paleoclimate > historical","earth science > paleoclimate > historical > ship logs","What: societal event; Material: null","What: age; Material: null","What: societal event; Material: null","Ocean > Pacific Ocean > Western Pacific Ocean > Philippines > Manila > LATITUDE 14.583 > LONGITUDE 120.95","Continent > North America > Mexico > Acapulco > LATITUDE 16.85 > LONGITUDE -99.916","DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce"],"language":[],"license":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","modified":"2001-07-01T00:00:00.000+00:00","publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information"},"references":["https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(2001)082<2435:ACCITT>2.3.CO;2"],"rights":"otherRestrictions, otherRestrictions","spatial":"120.95,14.583,-99.916,16.85","temporal":"1591-01-01T00:00:00+00:00/1750-01-01T00:00:00+00:00","title":"NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Garcia et al. 2001 Manila Galleons Voyage Records"},"status":"error"}